Wire the Arduino’s ground pin to the board’s ground and wire each Arduino output to the appropriate resistor and transistor.ħ. Power the Arduino separately using USB or another source.Ħ. Power the transistor/solenoid assembly with the appropriate power supply (12V in this setup).ĥ. Connect the emitter leg of the transistor to ground.Ĥ. This will only allow voltage flow into the positive bank to account for electrical discharge (or kickback) from the solenoid when it turns off.ģ. On the collector lead, run a diode (1N4007 or another appropriate device) to a positive line. Hook each transistor’s collector to one solenoid lead and plug the other solenoid lead into a common positive voltage.Ģ. Hook up the circuit as shown below and in the first image on this article, noting that a 5V USB source powers the Arduino, linked to the solenoids via ground and output pins alone.Ĭaption: Solenoids set up with an Arduino UnoĪrduino outputs 11, 12, and 13 connect to the transistor’s base through a 1000 ohm resistor. In this case, we’ll be using a TIP120 Power Darlington transistor. That sounds like an ideal job for a transistor. To Arduino-control a solenoid you’ll need a way to control a lot of current with the board’s limited control outputs. Arduino-Control Current Output: Transistor Activation As we’ll discuss later, you can use a motor shield. For proper actuation, you’ll need a transistor setup. As seen in the image above, even the tiny solenoids we used in this project setup took 700mA at 12V to actuate, far above the 5V output and 20 mA per pin for which the Arduino UNO is rated. These devices they take a good amount of current to run, voltages that are generally higher than what Arduino boards can provide. The trick to using solenoids is getting the numbers right. Pairing a solenoid with an Arduino board is simple as well as electromagnets, they only need the proper amount of voltage and current to pull them from a resting state into an activated position.Ĭaption: Tiny Solenoid, substantial voltage and current requirements. If your application depends more on speed than it does on force, solenoids can be a great choice.
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